Saadia · Bereshit 4
Tafsir Reader
Tap any Judeo-Arabic word for a starter gloss. Hover any phrase to see its matching Hebrew, Judeo-Arabic, and English light up together. Toggle the Arabic-script form, the Hebrew translation, or the English off if you'd rather read without crutches.
New here? Read Saadia's own preface to this book.
- Bereshit 4:1
וְהָאָדָם יָדַע אֶת-חַוָּה אִשְׁתּוֹ וַתַּהַר וַתֵּלֶד אֶת-קַיִן וַתֹּאמֶר קָנִיתִי אִישׁ אֶת-יְהוָה
. . .
And Adam lay with Eve his wife; and she conceived and bore Cain. And she said: 'I have been provisioned with a man from before God.'
- Bereshit 4:2
וַתֹּסֶף לָלֶדֶת אֶת-אָחִיו אֶת-הָבֶל וַיְהִי-הֶבֶל רֹעֵה צֹאן וְקַיִן הָיָה עֹבֵד אֲדָמָה
. . .
Then she repeated, and bore his brother Abel; and Abel was a shepherd of sheep, and Cain was a tiller of the earth.
- Bereshit 4:3
וַיְהִי מִקֵּץ יָמִים וַיָּבֵא קַיִן מִפְּרִי הָאֲדָמָה מִנְחָה--לַיהוָה
. .
And after days had passed, Cain brought from the fruit of the earth a gift to God.
- Bereshit 4:4
וְהֶבֶל הֵבִיא גַם-הוּא מִבְּכֹרוֹת צֹאנוֹ וּמֵחֶלְבֵהֶן וַיִּשַׁע יְהוָה אֶל-הֶבֶל וְאֶל-מִנְחָתוֹ
. . .
And Abel — he too — brought from the firstborn of his sheep and from their fatlings; and God accepted Abel and his gift.
- Bereshit 4:5
וְאֶל-קַיִן וְאֶל-מִנְחָתוֹ לֹא שָׁעָה וַיִּחַר לְקַיִן מְאֹד וַיִּפְּלוּ פָּנָיו
. .
But Cain and his gift He did not accept; and it pressed greatly upon Cain, and his face fell out of shame.
- Bereshit 4:6
וַיֹּאמֶר יְהוָה אֶל-קָיִן לָמָּה חָרָה לָךְ וְלָמָּה נָפְלוּ פָנֶיךָ
. .
And God said to Cain: 'Why has it pressed upon you, and why has your face fallen?
- Bereshit 4:7
הֲלוֹא אִם-תֵּיטִיב שְׂאֵת וְאִם לֹא תֵיטִיב לַפֶּתַח חַטָּאת רֹבֵץ וְאֵלֶיךָ תְּשׁוּקָתוֹ וְאַתָּה תִּמְשָׁל-בּוֹ
. . . .
Is it not so — if you do well, you shall be accepted; but if you do not do well, then wherever you turn, your sin is crouching; and toward you is its inclination — yet you are the one set in authority over it, by free choice.'
- Bereshit 4:8
וַיֹּאמֶר קַיִן אֶל-הֶבֶל אָחִיו וַיְהִי בִּהְיוֹתָם בַּשָּׂדֶה וַיָּקָם קַיִן אֶל-הֶבֶל אָחִיו וַיַּהַרְגֵהוּ
. . .
Then Cain quarreled with Abel his brother; and when they were in the wilderness, Cain rose up against Abel his brother and killed him.
- Bereshit 4:9
וַיֹּאמֶר יְהוָה אֶל-קַיִן אֵי הֶבֶל אָחִיךָ וַיֹּאמֶר לֹא יָדַעְתִּי הֲשֹׁמֵר אָחִי אָנֹכִי
. . .
And God said to him, by way of confirming: 'Where is Abel your brother?' He said: 'I do not know. Am I the keeper of my brother?'
- Bereshit 4:10
וַיֹּאמֶר מֶה עָשִׂיתָ קוֹל דְּמֵי אָחִיךָ צֹעֲקִים אֵלַי מִן-הָאֲדָמָה
.
He said: 'What is this that you have done? The voice of the blood of your brother cries out to Me from the earth!
- Bereshit 4:11
וְעַתָּה אָרוּר אָתָּה מִן-הָאֲדָמָה אֲשֶׁר פָּצְתָה אֶת-פִּיהָ לָקַחַת אֶת-דְּמֵי אָחִיךָ מִיָּדֶךָ
. .
And now you are cursed from the earth, which opened its mouth and received the blood of your brother from your hand.
- Bereshit 4:12
כִּי תַעֲבֹד אֶת-הָאֲדָמָה לֹא-תֹסֵף תֵּת-כֹּחָהּ לָךְ נָע וָנָד תִּהְיֶה בָאָרֶץ
. .
When you till it, it shall not again give you its strengths; a wanderer and a roamer shall you be in the earth.'
- Bereshit 4:13
וַיֹּאמֶר קַיִן אֶל-יְהוָה גָּדוֹל עֲוֹנִי מִנְּשֹׂא
And Cain said before God: 'My sin is greater than can be forgiven.
- Bereshit 4:14
הֵן גֵּרַשְׁתָּ אֹתִי הַיּוֹם מֵעַל פְּנֵי הָאֲדָמָה וּמִפָּנֶיךָ אֶסָּתֵר וְהָיִיתִי נָע וָנָד בָּאָרֶץ וְהָיָה כָל-מֹצְאִי יַהַרְגֵנִי
. . . .
If You expel me today from the face of the earth — can I be concealed from before You? And if I be a wanderer and a roamer in the earth, every one who finds me shall kill me.'
- Bereshit 4:15
וַיֹּאמֶר לוֹ יְהוָה לָכֵן כָּל-הֹרֵג קַיִן שִׁבְעָתַיִם יֻקָּם וַיָּשֶׂם יְהוָה לְקַיִן אוֹת לְבִלְתִּי הַכּוֹת-אֹתוֹ כָּל-מֹצְאוֹ
. . . .
And God said to him: 'Therefore, every one who kills Cain — vengeance shall be exacted by means of him many times over.' And God set for Cain a sign, that no one finding him should kill him.
- Bereshit 4:16
וַיֵּצֵא קַיִן מִלִּפְנֵי יְהוָה וַיֵּשֶׁב בְּאֶרֶץ-נוֹד קִדְמַת-עֵדֶן
And Cain went out from before God, and settled in the land of Nod, east of Eden.
- Bereshit 4:17
וַיֵּדַע קַיִן אֶת-אִשְׁתּוֹ וַתַּהַר וַתֵּלֶד אֶת-חֲנוֹךְ וַיְהִי בֹּנֶה עִיר וַיִּקְרָא שֵׁם הָעִיר כְּשֵׁם בְּנוֹ חֲנוֹךְ
. . .
And Cain lay with his wife; and she conceived and bore Enoch; and he built a town, and named it after the name of his son, Enoch.
- Bereshit 4:18
וַיִּוָּלֵד לַחֲנוֹךְ אֶת-עִירָד וְעִירָד יָלַד אֶת-מְחוּיָאֵל וּמְחִיָּיאֵל יָלַד אֶת-מְתוּשָׁאֵל וּמְתוּשָׁאֵל יָלַד אֶת-לָמֶךְ
. . .
Then to Enoch was born Irad; and Irad begot Mehuyael; and Mehiyael begot Methushael; and Methushael begot Lamech.
- Bereshit 4:19
וַיִּקַּח-לוֹ לֶמֶךְ שְׁתֵּי נָשִׁים שֵׁם הָאַחַת עָדָה וְשֵׁם הַשֵּׁנִית צִלָּה
. .
And Lamech took for himself two wives; the name of one of them was Adah, and [the name of] the other was Tzillah.
- Bereshit 4:20
וַתֵּלֶד עָדָה אֶת-יָבָל הוּא הָיָה--אֲבִי יֹשֵׁב אֹהֶל וּמִקְנֶה
. .
And Adah bore Yaval; he was the first to dwell in tents and possess cattle.
- Bereshit 4:22
וְצִלָּה גַם-הִוא יָלְדָה אֶת-תּוּבַל קַיִן--לֹטֵשׁ כָּל-חֹרֵשׁ נְחֹשֶׁת וּבַרְזֶל וַאֲחוֹת תּוּבַל-קַיִן נַעֲמָה
. . .
And Tzillah, she too, bore Tuval-Cain; and he was the first burnisher of every craft of copper and iron; and his sister was Naamah.
- Bereshit 4:23
וַיֹּאמֶר לֶמֶךְ לְנָשָׁיו עָדָה וְצִלָּה שְׁמַעַן קוֹלִי--נְשֵׁי לֶמֶךְ הַאְזֵנָּה אִמְרָתִי כִּי אִישׁ הָרַגְתִּי לְפִצְעִי וְיֶלֶד לְחַבֻּרָתִי
. . . .
And Lamech said to his wives, with confidence: 'Adah and Tzillah, hear my voice; O wives of Lamech, give ear to my speech: have I killed a man by my striking, or a child by my wounding?
- Bereshit 4:24
כִּי שִׁבְעָתַיִם יֻקַּם-קָיִן וְלֶמֶךְ שִׁבְעִים וְשִׁבְעָה
.
If vengeance for Cain be much, then for Lamech more and more.'
- Bereshit 4:25
וַיֵּדַע אָדָם עוֹד אֶת-אִשְׁתּוֹ וַתֵּלֶד בֵּן וַתִּקְרָא אֶת-שְׁמוֹ שֵׁת כִּי שָׁת-לִי אֱלֹהִים זֶרַע אַחֵר--תַּחַת הֶבֶל כִּי הֲרָגוֹ קָיִן
. . . . . .
And Adam lay again with his wife; and she bore a son, and named him Seth. She said: 'God has provisioned me with another offspring, in place of Abel — since Cain killed him.'
- Bereshit 4:26
וּלְשֵׁת גַּם-הוּא יֻלַּד-בֵּן וַיִּקְרָא אֶת-שְׁמוֹ אֱנוֹשׁ אָז הוּחַל לִקְרֹא בְּשֵׁם יְהוָה
. .
And to Seth, too, a son was born; and he named him Enosh. At that time, the calling upon the name of God was profaned.
English is a working draft — author revising