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← Tafsir · Saadia Gaon

Bereshit 4

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  1. Bereshit 4:1

    וְהָאָדָם יָדַע אֶת-חַוָּה אִשְׁתּוֹ וַתַּהַר וַתֵּלֶד אֶת-קַיִן וַתֹּאמֶר קָנִיתִי אִישׁ אֶת-יְהוָה

    . . .

    And Adam lay with Eve his wife; and she conceived and bore Cain. And she said: 'I have been provisioned with a man from before God.'

  2. Bereshit 4:2

    וַתֹּסֶף לָלֶדֶת אֶת-אָחִיו אֶת-הָבֶל וַיְהִי-הֶבֶל רֹעֵה צֹאן וְקַיִן הָיָה עֹבֵד אֲדָמָה

    . . .

    Then she repeated, and bore his brother Abel; and Abel was a shepherd of sheep, and Cain was a tiller of the earth.

  3. Bereshit 4:3

    וַיְהִי מִקֵּץ יָמִים וַיָּבֵא קַיִן מִפְּרִי הָאֲדָמָה מִנְחָה--לַיהוָה

    . .

    And after days had passed, Cain brought from the fruit of the earth a gift to God.

  4. Bereshit 4:4

    וְהֶבֶל הֵבִיא גַם-הוּא מִבְּכֹרוֹת צֹאנוֹ וּמֵחֶלְבֵהֶן וַיִּשַׁע יְהוָה אֶל-הֶבֶל וְאֶל-מִנְחָתוֹ

    . . .

    And Abel — he too — brought from the firstborn of his sheep and from their fatlings; and God accepted Abel and his gift.

  5. Bereshit 4:5

    וְאֶל-קַיִן וְאֶל-מִנְחָתוֹ לֹא שָׁעָה וַיִּחַר לְקַיִן מְאֹד וַיִּפְּלוּ פָּנָיו

    . .

    But Cain and his gift He did not accept; and it pressed greatly upon Cain, and his face fell out of shame.

  6. Bereshit 4:6

    וַיֹּאמֶר יְהוָה אֶל-קָיִן לָמָּה חָרָה לָךְ וְלָמָּה נָפְלוּ פָנֶיךָ

    . .

    And God said to Cain: 'Why has it pressed upon you, and why has your face fallen?

  7. Bereshit 4:7

    הֲלוֹא אִם-תֵּיטִיב שְׂאֵת וְאִם לֹא תֵיטִיב לַפֶּתַח חַטָּאת רֹבֵץ וְאֵלֶיךָ תְּשׁוּקָתוֹ וְאַתָּה תִּמְשָׁל-בּוֹ

    . . . .

    Is it not soif you do well, you shall be accepted; but if you do not do well, then wherever you turn, your sin is crouching; and toward you is its inclinationyet you are the one set in authority over it, by free choice.'

  8. Bereshit 4:8

    וַיֹּאמֶר קַיִן אֶל-הֶבֶל אָחִיו וַיְהִי בִּהְיוֹתָם בַּשָּׂדֶה וַיָּקָם קַיִן אֶל-הֶבֶל אָחִיו וַיַּהַרְגֵהוּ

    . . .

    Then Cain quarreled with Abel his brother; and when they were in the wilderness, Cain rose up against Abel his brother and killed him.

  9. Bereshit 4:9

    וַיֹּאמֶר יְהוָה אֶל-קַיִן אֵי הֶבֶל אָחִיךָ וַיֹּאמֶר לֹא יָדַעְתִּי הֲשֹׁמֵר אָחִי אָנֹכִי

    . . .

    And God said to him, by way of confirming: 'Where is Abel your brother?' He said: 'I do not know. Am I the keeper of my brother?'

  10. Bereshit 4:10

    וַיֹּאמֶר מֶה עָשִׂיתָ קוֹל דְּמֵי אָחִיךָ צֹעֲקִים אֵלַי מִן-הָאֲדָמָה

    .

    He said: 'What is this that you have done? The voice of the blood of your brother cries out to Me from the earth!

  11. Bereshit 4:11

    וְעַתָּה אָרוּר אָתָּה מִן-הָאֲדָמָה אֲשֶׁר פָּצְתָה אֶת-פִּיהָ לָקַחַת אֶת-דְּמֵי אָחִיךָ מִיָּדֶךָ

    . .

    And now you are cursed from the earth, which opened its mouth and received the blood of your brother from your hand.

  12. Bereshit 4:12

    כִּי תַעֲבֹד אֶת-הָאֲדָמָה לֹא-תֹסֵף תֵּת-כֹּחָהּ לָךְ נָע וָנָד תִּהְיֶה בָאָרֶץ

    . .

    When you till it, it shall not again give you its strengths; a wanderer and a roamer shall you be in the earth.'

  13. Bereshit 4:13

    וַיֹּאמֶר קַיִן אֶל-יְהוָה גָּדוֹל עֲו‍ֹנִי מִנְּשֹׂא

    And Cain said before God: 'My sin is greater than can be forgiven.

  14. Bereshit 4:14

    הֵן גֵּרַשְׁתָּ אֹתִי הַיּוֹם מֵעַל פְּנֵי הָאֲדָמָה וּמִפָּנֶיךָ אֶסָּתֵר וְהָיִיתִי נָע וָנָד בָּאָרֶץ וְהָיָה כָל-מֹצְאִי יַהַרְגֵנִי

    . . . .

    If You expel me today from the face of the earthcan I be concealed from before You? And if I be a wanderer and a roamer in the earth, every one who finds me shall kill me.'

  15. Bereshit 4:15

    וַיֹּאמֶר לוֹ יְהוָה לָכֵן כָּל-הֹרֵג קַיִן שִׁבְעָתַיִם יֻקָּם וַיָּשֶׂם יְהוָה לְקַיִן אוֹת לְבִלְתִּי הַכּוֹת-אֹתוֹ כָּל-מֹצְאוֹ

    . . . .

    And God said to him: 'Therefore, every one who kills Cainvengeance shall be exacted by means of him many times over.' And God set for Cain a sign, that no one finding him should kill him.

  16. Bereshit 4:16

    וַיֵּצֵא קַיִן מִלִּפְנֵי יְהוָה וַיֵּשֶׁב בְּאֶרֶץ-נוֹד קִדְמַת-עֵדֶן

    And Cain went out from before God, and settled in the land of Nod, east of Eden.

  17. Bereshit 4:17

    וַיֵּדַע קַיִן אֶת-אִשְׁתּוֹ וַתַּהַר וַתֵּלֶד אֶת-חֲנוֹךְ וַיְהִי בֹּנֶה עִיר וַיִּקְרָא שֵׁם הָעִיר כְּשֵׁם בְּנוֹ חֲנוֹךְ

    . . .

    And Cain lay with his wife; and she conceived and bore Enoch; and he built a town, and named it after the name of his son, Enoch.

  18. Bereshit 4:18

    וַיִּוָּלֵד לַחֲנוֹךְ אֶת-עִירָד וְעִירָד יָלַד אֶת-מְחוּיָאֵל וּמְחִיָּיאֵל יָלַד אֶת-מְתוּשָׁאֵל וּמְתוּשָׁאֵל יָלַד אֶת-לָמֶךְ

    . . .

    Then to Enoch was born Irad; and Irad begot Mehuyael; and Mehiyael begot Methushael; and Methushael begot Lamech.

  19. Bereshit 4:19

    וַיִּקַּח-לוֹ לֶמֶךְ שְׁתֵּי נָשִׁים שֵׁם הָאַחַת עָדָה וְשֵׁם הַשֵּׁנִית צִלָּה

    . .

    And Lamech took for himself two wives; the name of one of them was Adah, and [the name of] the other was Tzillah.

  20. Bereshit 4:20

    וַתֵּלֶד עָדָה אֶת-יָבָל הוּא הָיָה--אֲבִי יֹשֵׁב אֹהֶל וּמִקְנֶה

    . .

    And Adah bore Yaval; he was the first to dwell in tents and possess cattle.

  21. Bereshit 4:22

    וְצִלָּה גַם-הִוא יָלְדָה אֶת-תּוּבַל קַיִן--לֹטֵשׁ כָּל-חֹרֵשׁ נְחֹשֶׁת וּבַרְזֶל וַאֲחוֹת תּוּבַל-קַיִן נַעֲמָה

    . . .

    And Tzillah, she too, bore Tuval-Cain; and he was the first burnisher of every craft of copper and iron; and his sister was Naamah.

  22. Bereshit 4:23

    וַיֹּאמֶר לֶמֶךְ לְנָשָׁיו עָדָה וְצִלָּה שְׁמַעַן קוֹלִי--נְשֵׁי לֶמֶךְ הַאְזֵנָּה אִמְרָתִי כִּי אִישׁ הָרַגְתִּי לְפִצְעִי וְיֶלֶד לְחַבֻּרָתִי

    . . . .

    And Lamech said to his wives, with confidence: 'Adah and Tzillah, hear my voice; O wives of Lamech, give ear to my speech: have I killed a man by my striking, or a child by my wounding?

  23. Bereshit 4:24

    כִּי שִׁבְעָתַיִם יֻקַּם-קָיִן וְלֶמֶךְ שִׁבְעִים וְשִׁבְעָה

    .

    If vengeance for Cain be much, then for Lamech more and more.'

  24. Bereshit 4:25

    וַיֵּדַע אָדָם עוֹד אֶת-אִשְׁתּוֹ וַתֵּלֶד בֵּן וַתִּקְרָא אֶת-שְׁמוֹ שֵׁת כִּי שָׁת-לִי אֱלֹהִים זֶרַע אַחֵר--תַּחַת הֶבֶל כִּי הֲרָגוֹ קָיִן

    . . . . . .

    And Adam lay again with his wife; and she bore a son, and named him Seth. She said: 'God has provisioned me with another offspring, in place of Abelsince Cain killed him.'

  25. Bereshit 4:26

    וּלְשֵׁת גַּם-הוּא יֻלַּד-בֵּן וַיִּקְרָא אֶת-שְׁמוֹ אֱנוֹשׁ אָז הוּחַל לִקְרֹא בְּשֵׁם יְהוָה

    . .

    And to Seth, too, a son was born; and he named him Enosh. At that time, the calling upon the name of God was profaned.