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← Tafsir · Saadia Gaon

Bereshit 40

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  1. Bereshit 40:1

    וַיְהִי אַחַר הַדְּבָרִים הָאֵלֶּה חָטְאוּ מַשְׁקֵה מֶלֶךְ-מִצְרַיִם וְהָאֹפֶה--לַאֲדֹנֵיהֶם לְמֶלֶךְ מִצְרָיִם

    . .

    And it was after these things, that the cupbearer of the king of Egypt and the baker offended their lord, the king of Egypt.

  2. Bereshit 40:2

    וַיִּקְצֹף פַּרְעֹה עַל שְׁנֵי סָרִיסָיו--עַל שַׂר הַמַּשְׁקִים וְעַל שַׂר הָאוֹפִים

    . .

    And Pharaoh was wroth with his two servantsthe chief of the cupbearers, and the chief of the bakers.

  3. Bereshit 40:3

    וַיִּתֵּן אֹתָם בְּמִשְׁמַר בֵּית שַׂר הַטַּבָּחִים--אֶל-בֵּית הַסֹּהַר מְקוֹם אֲשֶׁר יוֹסֵף אָסוּר שָׁם

    . .

    And he placed them in custody, in the house of the chief of the executioners, in the prisonthe place where Joseph was held.

  4. Bereshit 40:4

    וַיִּפְקֹד שַׂר הַטַּבָּחִים אֶת-יוֹסֵף אִתָּם--וַיְשָׁרֶת אֹתָם וַיִּהְיוּ יָמִים בְּמִשְׁמָר

    .

    And the chief of the executioners appointed Joseph over them, to serve them; and they spent a time in the prison.

  5. Bereshit 40:5

    וַיַּחַלְמוּ חֲלוֹם שְׁנֵיהֶם אִישׁ חֲלֹמוֹ בְּלַיְלָה אֶחָד--אִישׁ כְּפִתְרוֹן חֲלֹמוֹ הַמַּשְׁקֶה וְהָאֹפֶה אֲשֶׁר לְמֶלֶךְ מִצְרַיִם אֲשֶׁר אֲסוּרִים בְּבֵית הַסֹּהַר

    . . . . .

    Until the two of them saw a dreameach one his own, on one night; and the dream of each was according to its [own] interpretationthe cupbearer and the baker of the king of Egypt, the prisoners in the prison.

  6. Bereshit 40:6

    וַיָּבֹא אֲלֵיהֶם יוֹסֵף בַּבֹּקֶר וַיַּרְא אֹתָם וְהִנָּם זֹעֲפִים

    . .

    And Joseph came in to them in the morning, and saw their faces — and behold, they were downcast.

  7. Bereshit 40:7

    וַיִּשְׁאַל אֶת-סְרִיסֵי פַרְעֹה אֲשֶׁר אִתּוֹ בְמִשְׁמַר בֵּית אֲדֹנָיו--לֵאמֹר מַדּוּעַ פְּנֵיכֶם רָעִים הַיּוֹם

    . . .

    And he asked Pharaoh's servants who were with him in the custody of his master's house, saying: 'Why are your faces changed today?'

  8. Bereshit 40:8

    וַיֹּאמְרוּ אֵלָיו--חֲלוֹם חָלַמְנוּ וּפֹתֵר אֵין אֹתוֹ וַיֹּאמֶר אֲלֵהֶם יוֹסֵף הֲלוֹא לֵאלֹהִים פִּתְרֹנִים--סַפְּרוּ-נָא לִי

    . . . . .

    They said to him: 'We have seen a dreamand there is no interpreter of it.' He said to them: 'Surely interpretations belong to God; but recount them to me.'

  9. Bereshit 40:9

    וַיְסַפֵּר שַׂר-הַמַּשְׁקִים אֶת-חֲלֹמוֹ לְיוֹסֵף וַיֹּאמֶר לוֹ--בַּחֲלוֹמִי וְהִנֵּה-גֶפֶן לְפָנָי

    . . . .

    And the chief of the cupbearers recounted his dream to Joseph, and said: 'I saw — and behold, a vine was before me.

  10. Bereshit 40:10

    וּבַגֶּפֶן שְׁלֹשָׁה שָׂרִיגִם וְהִוא כְפֹרַחַת עָלְתָה נִצָּהּ הִבְשִׁילוּ אַשְׁכְּלֹתֶיהָ עֲנָבִים

    . .

    And on the vine were three branches; and as it budded, its blossoms came up, and its clusters ripened and became grapes.

  11. Bereshit 40:11

    וְכוֹס פַּרְעֹה בְּיָדִי וָאֶקַּח אֶת-הָעֲנָבִים וָאֶשְׂחַט אֹתָם אֶל-כּוֹס פַּרְעֹה וָאֶתֵּן אֶת-הַכּוֹס עַל-כַּף פַּרְעֹה

    . .

    And Pharaoh's cup was in my hand; and I took the grapes, and squeezed them into it, and handed it to him.'

  12. Bereshit 40:12

    וַיֹּאמֶר לוֹ יוֹסֵף זֶה פִּתְרֹנוֹ שְׁלֹשֶׁת הַשָּׂרִגִים--שְׁלֹשֶׁת יָמִים הֵם

    . .

    Joseph said to him: 'This is its interpretation: the three branches are three days.

  13. Bereshit 40:13

    בְּעוֹד שְׁלֹשֶׁת יָמִים יִשָּׂא פַרְעֹה אֶת-רֹאשֶׁךָ וַהֲשִׁיבְךָ עַל-כַּנֶּךָ וְנָתַתָּ כוֹס-פַּרְעֹה בְּיָדוֹ כַּמִּשְׁפָּט הָרִאשׁוֹן אֲשֶׁר הָיִיתָ מַשְׁקֵהוּ

    . . . . .

    Within three days, Pharaoh shall remember you, and shall restore you to your office; and you shall hand him his cup, as in your former manner, when you were his cupbearer.

  14. Bereshit 40:14

    כִּי אִם-זְכַרְתַּנִי אִתְּךָ כַּאֲשֶׁר יִיטַב לָךְ וְעָשִׂיתָ-נָּא עִמָּדִי חָסֶד וְהִזְכַּרְתַּנִי אֶל-פַּרְעֹה וְהוֹצֵאתַנִי מִן-הַבַּיִת הַזֶּה

    . . . .

    Onlyremember me with you when your matter has been set right for you; and do me a kindness, and recall me to Pharaoh, and bring me out of this house.

  15. Bereshit 40:15

    כִּי-גֻנֹּב גֻּנַּבְתִּי מֵאֶרֶץ הָעִבְרִים וְגַם-פֹּה לֹא-עָשִׂיתִי מְאוּמָה כִּי-שָׂמוּ אֹתִי בַּבּוֹר

    . .

    For I was stolen from the land of the Hebrews; and here too I have done nothing for which I should be put in confinement.'

  16. Bereshit 40:16

    וַיַּרְא שַׂר-הָאֹפִים כִּי טוֹב פָּתָר וַיֹּאמֶר אֶל-יוֹסֵף אַף-אֲנִי בַּחֲלוֹמִי וְהִנֵּה שְׁלֹשָׁה סַלֵּי חֹרִי עַל-רֹאשִׁי

    . . .

    And when the chief of the bakers saw that he had interpreted it for good, he said to him: 'I too saw — and behold, three baskets of fine bread were upon my head;

  17. Bereshit 40:17

    וּבַסַּל הָעֶלְיוֹן מִכֹּל מַאֲכַל פַּרְעֹה--מַעֲשֵׂה אֹפֶה וְהָעוֹף אֹכֵל אֹתָם מִן-הַסַּל--מֵעַל רֹאשִׁי

    . . .

    and in the topmost basket, of all the food of Pharaoh that the baker makes; and the bird was eating from themfrom the baskets upon my head.'

  18. Bereshit 40:18

    וַיַּעַן יוֹסֵף וַיֹּאמֶר זֶה פִּתְרֹנוֹ שְׁלֹשֶׁת הַסַּלִּים--שְׁלֹשֶׁת יָמִים הֵם

    . .

    And Joseph answered, and said: 'This is its interpretation: the three baskets are three days.

  19. Bereshit 40:19

    בְּעוֹד שְׁלֹשֶׁת יָמִים יִשָּׂא פַרְעֹה אֶת-רֹאשְׁךָ מֵעָלֶיךָ וְתָלָה אוֹתְךָ עַל-עֵץ וְאָכַל הָעוֹף אֶת-בְּשָׂרְךָ מֵעָלֶיךָ

    . . .

    Within three days, Pharaoh shall lift up your head from your body, and impale you on a stake; and the bird shall eat of your flesh.'

  20. Bereshit 40:20

    וַיְהִי בַּיּוֹם הַשְּׁלִישִׁי יוֹם הֻלֶּדֶת אֶת-פַּרְעֹה וַיַּעַשׂ מִשְׁתֶּה לְכָל-עֲבָדָיו וַיִּשָּׂא אֶת-רֹאשׁ שַׂר הַמַּשְׁקִים וְאֶת-רֹאשׁ שַׂר הָאֹפִים--בְּתוֹךְ עֲבָדָיו

    . . . .

    And it was on the third daywhich was like Pharaoh's birthdayhe made a feast for all his officers; and he remembered the chief of the cupbearers and the chief of the bakers among them.

  21. Bereshit 40:21

    וַיָּשֶׁב אֶת-שַׂר הַמַּשְׁקִים עַל-מַשְׁקֵהוּ וַיִּתֵּן הַכּוֹס עַל-כַּף פַּרְעֹה

    .

    And he commanded that the chief of the cupbearers be restored to his cup-bearing; and he handed him his cup.

  22. Bereshit 40:22

    וְאֵת שַׂר הָאֹפִים תָּלָה כַּאֲשֶׁר פָּתַר לָהֶם יוֹסֵף

    .

    And he impaled the chief of the bakersas Joseph had interpreted for them.

  23. Bereshit 40:23

    וְלֹא-זָכַר שַׂר-הַמַּשְׁקִים אֶת-יוֹסֵף וַיִּשְׁכָּחֵהוּ

    .

    But the chief of the cupbearers did not remember Joseph; he forgot him.