Saadia · Devarim 24
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- Devarim 24:1
כִּי-יִקַּח אִישׁ אִשָּׁה וּבְעָלָהּ וְהָיָה אִם-לֹא תִמְצָא-חֵן בְּעֵינָיו כִּי-מָצָא בָהּ עֶרְוַת דָּבָר--וְכָתַב לָהּ סֵפֶר כְּרִיתֻת וְנָתַן בְּיָדָהּ וְשִׁלְּחָהּ מִבֵּיתוֹ
. . . . . .
And when a man marries a woman and takes possession of her, then if she has not found favour with him, or he has found upon her an unseemly matter, let him write her a bill of severance and deliver it to her, and release her from him.
- Devarim 24:2
וְיָצְאָה מִבֵּיתוֹ וְהָלְכָה וְהָיְתָה לְאִישׁ-אַחֵר
.
And if she departs from his dwelling, and goes and becomes another man's —
- Devarim 24:3
וּשְׂנֵאָהּ הָאִישׁ הָאַחֲרוֹן וְכָתַב לָהּ סֵפֶר כְּרִיתֻת וְנָתַן בְּיָדָהּ וְשִׁלְּחָהּ מִבֵּיתוֹ אוֹ כִי יָמוּת הָאִישׁ הָאַחֲרוֹן אֲשֶׁר-לְקָחָהּ לוֹ לְאִשָּׁה
. . .
then the other man rejects her, and writes her a bill of severance and delivers it to her and divorces her; or the other man who took her as his wife dies —
- Devarim 24:4
לֹא-יוּכַל בַּעְלָהּ הָרִאשׁוֹן אֲשֶׁר-שִׁלְּחָהּ לָשׁוּב לְקַחְתָּהּ לִהְיוֹת לוֹ לְאִשָּׁה אַחֲרֵי אֲשֶׁר הֻטַּמָּאָה--כִּי-תוֹעֵבָה הִוא לִפְנֵי יְהוָה וְלֹא תַחֲטִיא אֶת-הָאָרֶץ אֲשֶׁר יְהוָה אֱלֹהֶיךָ נֹתֵן לְךָ נַחֲלָה
. . . . .
it is not permitted for her first husband who divorced her to return and marry her again so that she should be his wife, after another has come to her — for she is loathsome before God. And do not bring sin upon your land which God your Lord is giving you as an inheritance.
- Devarim 24:5
כִּי-יִקַּח אִישׁ אִשָּׁה חֲדָשָׁה--לֹא יֵצֵא בַּצָּבָא וְלֹא-יַעֲבֹר עָלָיו לְכָל-דָּבָר נָקִי יִהְיֶה לְבֵיתוֹ שָׁנָה אֶחָת וְשִׂמַּח אֶת-אִשְׁתּוֹ אֲשֶׁר-לָקָח
. . . .
And when a man marries a new woman, he shall not go out in the army, nor shall any matter of his affairs pass over him; rather, he shall be free for his household for one year, and shall gladden his wife whom he has taken.
- Devarim 24:6
לֹא-יַחֲבֹל רֵחַיִם וָרָכֶב כִּי-נֶפֶשׁ הוּא חֹבֵל
.
And no one shall take as pledge the lower and upper millstones, for he would be taking the sustenance of life as pledge.
- Devarim 24:7
כִּי-יִמָּצֵא אִישׁ גֹּנֵב נֶפֶשׁ מֵאֶחָיו מִבְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וְהִתְעַמֶּר-בּוֹ וּמְכָרוֹ--וּמֵת הַגַּנָּב הַהוּא וּבִעַרְתָּ הָרָע מִקִּרְבֶּךָ
. . . .
And if a person is found who has stolen a soul from his brothers among the sons of Israel, and enslaved him or sold him — execute that thief, and banish the people of evil from among you.
- Devarim 24:8
הִשָּׁמֶר בְּנֶגַע-הַצָּרַעַת לִשְׁמֹר מְאֹד וְלַעֲשׂוֹת כְּכֹל אֲשֶׁר-יוֹרוּ אֶתְכֶם הַכֹּהֲנִים הַלְוִיִּם כַּאֲשֶׁר צִוִּיתִם--תִּשְׁמְרוּ לַעֲשׂוֹת
. . .
And be on guard against the affliction of leprosy, and observe its ordinances very carefully and act accordingly, as the Levitical imāms shall instruct you — as I commanded them.
- Devarim 24:9
זָכוֹר אֵת אֲשֶׁר-עָשָׂה יְהוָה אֱלֹהֶיךָ לְמִרְיָם בַּדֶּרֶךְ בְּצֵאתְכֶם מִמִּצְרָיִם
. .
And remember what God your Lord did in like manner to Miriam on the way, when you went out of Egypt.
- Devarim 24:10
כִּי-תַשֶּׁה בְרֵעֲךָ מַשַּׁאת מְאוּמָה--לֹא-תָבֹא אֶל-בֵּיתוֹ לַעֲבֹט עֲבֹטוֹ
.
And when you lend your fellow a loan, do not enter his dwelling to take its pledge.
- Devarim 24:11
בַּחוּץ תַּעֲמֹד וְהָאִישׁ אֲשֶׁר אַתָּה נֹשֶׁה בוֹ יוֹצִיא אֵלֶיךָ אֶת-הַעֲבוֹט הַחוּצָה
. .
Rather, stand outside, and the man to whom you have given the loan shall bring the pledge out to you.
- Devarim 24:12
וְאִם-אִישׁ עָנִי הוּא--לֹא תִשְׁכַּב בַּעֲבֹטוֹ
.
And if he is a man of meagre means, do not spend the night with his pledge in your possession.
- Devarim 24:13
הָשֵׁב תָּשִׁיב לוֹ אֶת-הַעֲבוֹט כְּבוֹא הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ וְשָׁכַב בְּשַׂלְמָתוֹ וּבֵרְכֶךָּ וּלְךָ תִּהְיֶה צְדָקָה לִפְנֵי יְהוָה אֱלֹהֶיךָ
. . .
Rather, return it to him at the setting of the sun, that he may sleep in it and pray for you — and it shall be accounted a good deed for you before God your Lord.
- Devarim 24:14
לֹא-תַעֲשֹׁק שָׂכִיר עָנִי וְאֶבְיוֹן מֵאַחֶיךָ אוֹ מִגֵּרְךָ אֲשֶׁר בְּאַרְצְךָ בִּשְׁעָרֶיךָ
. . .
Do not defraud a hired hand, and especially one who is poor or needy, whether from your brothers or from your guest who is in your land in your settlements.
- Devarim 24:15
בְּיוֹמוֹ תִתֵּן שְׂכָרוֹ וְלֹא-תָבוֹא עָלָיו הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ כִּי עָנִי הוּא וְאֵלָיו הוּא נֹשֵׂא אֶת-נַפְשׁוֹ וְלֹא-יִקְרָא עָלֶיךָ אֶל-יְהוָה וְהָיָה בְךָ חֵטְא
. . . .
Rather, pay him his wage on the same day, before the sun sets — for he is poor, and for this he has risked himself — lest he call out against you to God and a penalty befall you.
- Devarim 24:16
לֹא-יוּמְתוּ אָבוֹת עַל-בָּנִים וּבָנִים לֹא-יוּמְתוּ עַל-אָבוֹת אִישׁ בְּחֶטְאוֹ יוּמָתוּ
. .
Fathers shall not be put to death for sons, nor sons for fathers; rather, every person shall be put to death for his own transgression.
- Devarim 24:17
לֹא תַטֶּה מִשְׁפַּט גֵּר יָתוֹם וְלֹא תַחֲבֹל בֶּגֶד אַלְמָנָה
.
And do not pervert the judgement of a stranger or an orphan, and do not take the garment of a widow as pledge.
- Devarim 24:18
וְזָכַרְתָּ כִּי עֶבֶד הָיִיתָ בְּמִצְרַיִם וַיִּפְדְּךָ יְהוָה אֱלֹהֶיךָ מִשָּׁם עַל-כֵּן אָנֹכִי מְצַוְּךָ לַעֲשׂוֹת אֶת-הַדָּבָר הַזֶּה
. . . .
And remember that you were a slave in Egypt, and God your Lord redeemed you from there — and therefore I command you to do these things.
- Devarim 24:19
כִּי תִקְצֹר קְצִירְךָ בְשָׂדֶךָ וְשָׁכַחְתָּ עֹמֶר בַּשָּׂדֶה לֹא תָשׁוּב לְקַחְתּוֹ--לַגֵּר לַיָּתוֹם וְלָאַלְמָנָה יִהְיֶה לְמַעַן יְבָרֶכְךָ יְהוָה אֱלֹהֶיךָ בְּכֹל מַעֲשֵׂה יָדֶיךָ
. . . .
And when you reap your harvest in your field and you forget a sheaf in the open country, do not go back to take it; rather, let it be for the stranger and the orphan and the widow — so that God your Lord may bless you in all the work of your hands.
- Devarim 24:20
כִּי תַחְבֹּט זֵיתְךָ לֹא תְפַאֵר אַחֲרֶיךָ לַגֵּר לַיָּתוֹם וְלָאַלְמָנָה יִהְיֶה
. . .
And when you beat your olive trees, do not go over them again afterwards; rather, let it be for the stranger and the orphan and the widow.
- Devarim 24:21
כִּי תִבְצֹר כַּרְמְךָ לֹא תְעוֹלֵל אַחֲרֶיךָ לַגֵּר לַיָּתוֹם וְלָאַלְמָנָה יִהְיֶה
. . .
And when you harvest your vineyard, do not glean it afterwards; rather, let it be for the stranger and the orphan and the widow.
- Devarim 24:22
וְזָכַרְתָּ כִּי-עֶבֶד הָיִיתָ בְּאֶרֶץ מִצְרָיִם עַל-כֵּן אָנֹכִי מְצַוְּךָ לַעֲשׂוֹת אֶת-הַדָּבָר הַזֶּה
. . .
And remember that you were a slave in the land of Egypt — and therefore I command you to do these things.
English is a working draft — author revising