Stage 3 · Saadia Gaon (882–942)

Emunot v'Deot: IX:9 · The Tenth Degree

כתאב אלאמאנאת ואלאעתקאדאת — The Book of Beliefs and Opinions

Emunot v'Deot in the original Judeo-Arabic, with a working English translation by Eliyahu Freedman (working draft). Hover a phrase to see its English light up; tap any word for a gloss.

Layers
Pageרפג

Aligned sentence by sentence

, , ,

they did not polytheize but declared unity; they did not go astray but were guided; they did not kill, steal, or commit adultery — they practiced truth, justice, and equity.

, .

One whose path is such has the majority of his deeds as good deeds; those few sins relative to these [good deeds] are paid for in this world, and he emerges pure — as I explained in the Fifth Maamar.

, ,

As for the tenth questionwhether they encounter one another — I say, upon reflection, I have found:

,

The righteous and the wicked only see each other by looking — as it says of the righteous: וְיָצְאוּ וְרָאוּ בְּפִגְרֵי הָאֲנָשִׁים וְגוֹ ["They will go forth and look at the corpses of the people..."],

, ,

and whenever they discern the punishment of the wicked, they say: "Glory to the One who delivered us from this punishment!" — and they rejoice and are glad at their own state.

,

And regarding the wicked it says: פָּחֲדוּ בְצִיּוֹן חַטָּאִים אָחֲזָה רְעָדָה חֲנֵפִים מִי יָגוּר לָנוּ אֵשׁ אוֹכֵלָה מִי יָגוּר לָנוּ מוֹקְדֵי עוֹלָם ["The sinners in Zion are afraid; trembling has seized the godless: 'Who among us can dwell with the devouring fire? Who among us can dwell with the everlasting flames?'"],

, ,

They marvel at the righteous — how they can neighbor that scorching fire without being harmed in the slightest — and they grieve over having missed that reward.

, ,

Scripture compares them to people invited to a banquet alongside people brought for punishment — who see the guests and grieve,

.

as it says: הִנֵּה עֲבָדַי יֹאכְלוּ וְאַתֶּם תִּרְעָבוּ הִנֵּה עֲבָדַי יִשְׁתּוּ וְאַתֶּם תִּצְמָאוּ הִנֵּה עֲבָדַי יִשְׂמְחוּ וְאַתֶּם תֵּבֹשׁוּ הִנֵּה עֲבָדַי יָרֹנּוּ מִטּוּב לֵב וְאַתֶּם תִּצְעֲקוּ מִכְּאֵב לֵב וּמִשֵּׁבֶר רוּחַ תְּיֵלִילוּ ["Behold, My servants will eat but you will be hungry; behold, My servants will drink but you will be thirsty; behold, My servants will rejoice but you will be put to shame; behold, My servants will shout for joy but you will cry out from heartbreak and wail in anguish of spirit"].

, , .

As for the righteous among themselves: if one's station is close to another's, they meet together; if it is far, they do not.

, .

I believe that even among the punished, any two whose stations are adjacent will not meet — since their pain and preoccupation with their own condition keeps them apart.

. . ?, ,

Chapter 10. As for the final questionwhether they have obligations of obedience to their Lord (mighty and exalted) — I say: yes, since

English is a working draft — alignment is sentence-by-sentence.