Stage 3 · Moses Maimonides (1138–1204)

Moreh Nevukhim: Part I, Chapter 20 — Ram & Nissa (Exalted)

דלאלהֵ אלחאירין — The Guide of the Perplexed

Ram ('high') and nissa ('lifted up') each signify both elevation of place and elevation of rank — majesty, honor, and might. Of God only the latter is meant: 'thus saith the high and lofty One' (Isa 57:15) is loftiness of rank, majesty, and might, not loftiness of place. Maimonides anticipates an objection — how can many notions be made one? — and previews that for the perfected, God's manifold attributes of greatness, might, power, perfection, and bounty all reduce to a single notion: His essence, nothing outside it. Hover a phrase to see its English light up; tap any word for a gloss; dotted words are key terms.

Layers
Page31

Aligned sentence by sentence

·

Part One · Chapter Twenty — Ram & Nissa

, . : .

Ram is an equivocal noun, for the sense of elevation of place and the sense of elevation of rankI mean majesty, honor, and might. He said: 'and the ark was lifted up above the earth' (Gen 7:17) — and this is of the first sense.

: , , .

And He said: 'I have exalted one chosen out of the people' (Ps 89:20); 'forasmuch as I exalted thee out of the dust' (1 Kgs 16:2); 'forasmuch as I exalted thee from among the people' (1 Kgs 14:7) — of the second sense.

: .

And every expression of 'exalting' that comes regarding God is of this second sense: 'be Thou exalted, O God, above the heavens' (Ps 57:6).

: , , .

And likewise nissa bears the sense of raising in place and the sense of raising in rank and abundance of fortune: 'and they laded their corn upon their asses' (Gen 42:26) — of the first sense, and there are many like it in the sense of carrying and conveying, for it is a raising in place.

: , , .

And of the second sense: 'and his kingdom shall be exalted' (Num 24:7); 'and He bore them and carried them' (Isa 63:9); 'wherefore then lift ye up yourselves' (Num 16:3).

: , , .

So every expression of 'lifting up' that comes ascribed to God, may He be exalted, is of this last sense: 'lift up Thyself, Thou judge of the earth' (Ps 94:2); 'thus saith the high and lofty One' (Isa 57:15) — loftiness, majesty, and might, not loftiness of place.

Page32

Aligned sentence by sentence

, : ? .

Perhaps my words 'loftiness of rank, majesty, and might' will trouble you, and you will say: how do you make many notions of a single notion? It will be explained to you that God, may He be exalted, is, for the perfected apprehenders, not described by many attributes.

, , . .

And that all these manifold descriptions — which signify magnification, might, power, perfection, bounty, and the restall return to a single notion; and that notion is His essence, not a thing outside the essence. And chapters on the names and the attributes will come to you.

, .

The aim of this chapter is only that 'high and lifted up' does not mean, and is not to be understood as, loftiness of place, but loftiness of rank.

English is a working draft — alignment is sentence-by-sentence.

Scripture cited in this chapter